Connectors
Introduction
When we speak or write in English, we often need to join ideas together. We use connectors to do this. Connectors are words like and, but, because, and so. They help our sentences sound smoother and more natural.
In this lesson, you will learn some common connectors and how to use them. You will see them in a short conversation, practice them in exercises, and try them in your own sentences. By the end of the lesson, you will be able to connect your ideas more clearly and communicate with more confidence.
広告
Conversations
| Cathy and Sarah are studying at the university library. | キャシーとサラは大学の図書館で勉強しています。 | |
| Cathy: | I’m very busy this week because I have two books to read for my course. | 今週は授業のために2冊の本を読まなければならないので、とても忙しいです。 |
| Sarah: | Are the books interesting? | その本は面白いですか？ |
| Cathy: | I like one book, but the other one is difficult. I want to finish the easy book first, and then I will start the difficult one. | 1冊は好きなのですが、もう1冊は難しいです。まずは簡単な本を終わらせて、それから難しい本に取り組みたいです。 |
| Sarah: | Let me read the books when you are done. | あなたが読み終わったら、その本を読ませてください。 |
| Cathy: | Sure, no problem. I have a lot to study this week. | もちろん、問題ありません。今週は勉強することがたくさんあります。 |
| Sarah: | Me too. I feel very busy with my classes. | 私もです。授業がとても忙しいんです。 |
| Cathy: | How many courses do you have this term? | 今学期はいくつの授業がありますか？ |
| Sarah: | I have five courses, but one course is only four weeks long. | 5つの授業があるのですが、1つは4週間しかありません。 |
| Cathy: | You are busy! We can study for an hour, and after that, we can take a short break. | 忙しいですね！1時間勉強して、その後少し休憩しましょう。 |
| Sarah: | Good idea. It’s a busy week; however, we are learning many new things. | いい考えですね。今週は忙しいですが、たくさんの新しいことを学んでいます。 |
Grammar: Connectors (Linking Words)
Connectors are small words that help us join ideas. They make our speaking and writing easier to understand. Here are some common A2‑level connectors.
Adding Information
We use these words to add more ideas.
| Connector | Meaning |
|---|---|
| and | そして |
| also | また |
Giving a Reason
We use these words to explain why something happens.
| Connector | Meaning |
|---|---|
| because | なぜなら |
Showing Contrast
We use these words to show two different or opposite ideas
| Connector | Meaning |
|---|---|
| but | しかし |
| however | しかしながら |
Examples
| I have two books, but one is difficult. | |
| The book is long. However, it is interesting. |
Showing Time or Order
We use these words to show two different or opposite ideas.
| Connector | Meaning |
|---|---|
| then | それから |
| after that | その後 |
Examples
| I will read this book, then I will start the next one. | |
| I finish my homework. After that, I go to class. |
Showing Results
We use these words to show the effect of something.
| Connector | Meaning |
|---|---|
| so | それで |
Examples
| You work hard, so you will do well. | |
| I have many courses, so I am very busy. |
Quiz
Use the connector in parentheses to join the two sentences together. Make sure to use a comma when required.
Example
Question: The cat is black. He is small. (and)
Answer: The cat is black, and he is small.
1) Cathy has two books. One is difficult. (but)
2) Sarah studies. She wants to learn more. (because)
3) They take a break. They start studying. (and after that)
4) The class is short. It is helpful. (however)
5) Cathy reads her notes. She watches videos. (and)
6) Sarah has many courses. She is very busy. (so)
7) I will read this chapter. I will take a break. (then)
