2. Present Simple vs. Present Continuous
Overview
In this lesson, you’ll explore how the present simple and present continuous differ, and you’ll learn when each tense is used in everyday English. You’ll also pick up several new useful phrases along the way.
At the end of the lesson, you’ll find Chapter 2 of the story Ana and Alejandro in Vancouver. In this chapter, Ana and Alejandro arrive at their friends’ house, where they will be living for the next year while they take a course to improve their English skills.
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Grammar: Present Simple vs. Present Continuous
In this lesson, you'll learn the difference between the Present Simple and the Present Continuous, how to form them, and when to use them.
Present Simple
The present simple is used for:-
Habits and routines: things you do regularly.
I get up at 7 a.m. -
General truths and facts: always or usually true.
Water boils at 100°C. -
Permanent situations: long-term or stable.
She lives in Vancouver. -
Schedules and timetables: fixed future events.
The train leaves at 6 p.m.
Here is how the present tense is formed using the verb work as an example.
| I | work |
| You | work |
| He / She / It | works |
| We | work |
| They | work |
| Examples | 日本語 |
|---|---|
| I work on Sundays. | 私は日曜日に働くよ。 |
| She likes coffee. | 彼女はコーヒーが好きです。 |
The Negative Form of Present Tense
To create the negative form of the sentence, add don't or doesn't between the subject and the verb as shown below.
| I | don't work |
| You | don't work |
| He / She / It | doesn't work |
| We | don't work |
| They | don't work |
| Examples | 日本語 |
|---|---|
| I don’t work on Sundays. | 日曜日は働かないよ。 |
| She doesn’t like coffee. | 彼女はコーヒーが好きじゃない。 |
Asking Questions with the Present Tense
To ask a question, place do or does before the subject of the sentence as shown below.
| Do I work? |
| Do you work? |
| Does he / she / it work? |
| Do we work? |
| Do they work? |
| Examples | 日本語 |
|---|---|
| Do you play tennis? | テニスする? |
| Does he live here? | 彼はここに住んでるの? |
Present Continuous
The present continuous is used for:
-
Actions happening now / around now: in progress at the moment.
I am talking to you right now. -
Temporary situations: not permanent, for a short time.
He is staying with his friend this week. -
Changing or developing situations:
The weather is getting warmer. -
Fixed future arrangements: personal plans with a time.
We are meeting our teacher tomorrow.
Here is how the present continuous is formed using the verb work as an example.
| I | am working |
| You | are working |
| He / She / It | is working |
| We | are working |
| They | are working |
| Examples | 日本語 |
|---|---|
| I am working all day. | 私は一日中働いている。 |
| She is reading a book. | 彼女は本を読んでいる。 |
| They are playing a game. | 彼らはゲームをしている。 |
Negative Form of the Present Progressive
| I | am not working |
| You | aren't working |
| He / She / It | isn't working |
| We | aren't working |
| They | aren't working |
| Examples | 日本語 |
|---|---|
| I am not working now. | 今は働いていない。 |
| He isn’t watching TV. | 彼はテレビを見ていない。 |
Asking Questions with the Present Progresssive
| Am I working? |
| Are you working? |
| Is he / she / it working? |
| Are we working? |
| Are they working? |
| Examples | 日本語 |
|---|---|
| Are you listening? | 聞いてる? |
| Is she coming? | 彼女、来るの? |
Key differences
| Use | Present Simple | Present Continuous |
|---|---|---|
| Habits / routines | I go to the gym on Mondays. | Not usually used |
| Actions happening now | Not usually used | I am going to the gym now. |
| Permanent situation | She lives in Toronto. | Temporary situation:
She is living in Toronto for a year. |
| General truth / fact | The sun rises in the east. | Not used |
| Future (timetable / schedule) | The bus leaves at 8. | Future arrangement:
I am meeting Anna at 8. |
Important: Some verbs (like know, like, love, want, understand, believe) are usually not used in the continuous form.
I know the answer. (NOT: I am knowing the answer.)
Signal words
Present Simple – common time expressions
- always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never
- every day / week / month / year
- on Mondays / on the weekends
Example
I usually drink coffee in the morning.
Present Continuous – common time expressions
- now, right now, at the moment
- today, this week, these days
Example
She is studying for her exam this week.
Phrases
Press the
button to hear the pronunciation of the phrase.
Don't worry.
|
心配しないでください。 |
Excuse me.
|
すみません。 |
Good luck.
|
頑張って。 |
I don't like it.
|
私はそれが気に入りません。 |
I don't know. |
知りません。 |
I'm sorry.
|
ごめんなさい。, ごめん。 |
I think so.
|
私はそう思う。 |
It's easy.
|
それは簡単です。 |
Let's go.
|
行こう。 |
That's fine.
|
それは大丈夫です。 |
That's right.
|
そのとおり。 |
What's wrong?
|
どうしましたか? |
What do you think?
|
どう思いますか? |
What happened?
|
何が起こった? |
What is that?
|
それは何ですか? |
Flashcards
Here are some flashcards to help you learn the phrases included in this lesson.
Chapter 2: Their New Home
Chapter Vocabulary
| porch | ベランダ, ポーチ |
| luggage | 荷物 |
| suspicious | 怪しい |
| to unpack | 荷解きする |
| neighborhood | 近所 |
| seawall | 防波堤 |
| sunset | 夕日 |
| eventually | 最終的に |
| faintly | かすかに |
| landmarks | ランドマーク |
| possibility | 可能性 |
The car stopped in front of a small blue house with a wide porch and a garden full of flowers.
"Welcome to our house," Sarah said. "Your home for the next year."
They carried in Alejandro and Ana's luggage and put it in the living room.
"Follow me," Sarah said, "I'll show you to your rooms."
"I'll get dinner started," Eric said as he disappeared into the kitchen.
A cat sat on the stairs, watching them with the suspicious intensity of a security guard. “That’s Maple,” Sarah said. “She’s friendly… eventually.”
Maple blinked once, then trotted down the stairs and jumped onto the Sofa.
Sarah led them up the stairs, then she opened the first door along the hallway. “This one’s yours, Alejandro.”
Alejandro looked in the room. It contained a small bed, a desk, and a dresser.
Sarah opened up another door. “Here's the bathroom you two will share."
Finally, Sarah opened up a third door. “And here is your bedroom Ana. Get settled in. I’ll go help Eric with dinner.”
After unpacking a little, they joined Sarah and Eric in the kitchen. Eric handed them mugs of hot chocolate.
“Have a seat,” he said. “Dinner will be ready in a few minutes.”
After dinner, Eric said, “If you're up for it, we'll take a short walk to Kits Beach. Sunset is in half an hour. Perfect timing."
Just then, Maple walked by with a sock in her mouth.
“Hey!” Alejandro laughed. “I’ve been robbed!”
“That means she likes you,” Sarah said. “She only steals from people she trusts.”
They put on their jackets and stepped outside. The air was cool and smelled faintly of the ocean. As they walked, Sarah pointed out the neighbourhood landmarks: the tiny bakery on the corner, the community garden, the bus stop they’d use for school.
When they reached the beach, the sky was turning orange and pink. People jogged along the seawall, dogs chased sticks, and a group of teenagers played volleyball in the sand. The mountains across the water glowed in the fading light.
“This is beautiful,” Ana said softly.
Alejandro nodded. “I think I’m going to like it here.”
They walked slowly along the beach, listening to the waves and watching the sun sink behind Vancouver Island in the distance. They felt calm and hopeful. A new life was beginning, and it already felt full of possibility.
Quiz
Fill in the blank with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.