Lesson 22. Suffixes for Creating Adjectives
Overview
In this lesson you'll learn how to make adjectives from nouns and verbs using suffixes.
The lesson ends with a short story about three friends who visit Vancouver for three days in the winter.
विज्ञापन
Grammar Focus - Create Adjectives from Nouns and Verbs
Creating Adjectives from Verbs
In English the past participle of many verbs can be used as an adjective.
Examples
| Verb | Adjective |
|---|---|
| bore | bored |
| crowd | crowded |
| worry | worried |
Creating Adjectives with Suffixes
A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to create a new one. Many English adjectives are formed by adding a suffix to a noun or verb. Each suffix alters the meaning of the word.
There are several suffixes that can be added to nouns and verbs to convert them to adjectives. Note that these suffixes can only be used with some nouns and verbs.
| Suffix | Meaning |
|---|---|
| ing | describes the effect of the verb |
| ive | describes the effect of the verb. On rare occasions, this suffix is also used with nouns. |
| ant | means to have the characteristic of the verb |
| ent | means someone who performs or causes the action of the verb |
| able ible |
means capable of being |
| y | means characterized by, has that quality, or inclined to |
| ish | means belonging to or having the characteristic of |
| ful | means "full of" or "having a lot" a given quality |
| less | means without or lacking. It is the opposite idea of -ful. |
| ous | means full of a given quality. It has a similar meaning to the suffix -ful. |
Examples
| Noun/Verb | Adjective | हिन्दी |
|---|---|---|
| confuse | confusing | पेचीदा, भ्रामक |
| interest | interesting | दिलचस्प |
| create | creative | रचनात्मक |
| express | expressive | भावपूर्ण |
| expense | expensive | महंगा |
| please | pleasant | सुखद |
| differ | different | भिन्न हो, विभिन्न |
| comfort | comfortable | आरामदायक |
| anger | angry | क्रोधित |
| sleep | sleepy | निद्रालु |
| storm | stormy | तूफ़ानी |
| fool | foolish | मूर्ख |
| beauty | beautiful | सुंदर |
| thought | thoughtful | विचारशील |
| help | helpless | असहाय |
| motion | motionless | स्थिर |
| danger | dangerous | खतरनाक |
| mystery | mysterious | रहस्यमय |
विज्ञापन
Short Story
Vancouver Winter Vacation
Listen to the story.
| Vancouver Winter Vacation | |
|---|---|
| Three friends—Ella, Ava, and Jack—arrived in Vancouver on a brisk winter’s morning for a three day vacation. | |
| Day 1: The City Awaits | |
| Arriving early in the morning, the trio checked into a cozy Hotel in the heart of Downtown. | “First things first—coffee!” Ella exclaimed as they dropped their bags off at the hotel. |
| They found a cute café close to the hotel, where they had a quick breakfast and coffee, which fueled them for their day. | |
| “I heard Granville Island is a must-visit. What do you think?” Jack suggested. | |
| “Absolutely, let’s go!” Ava agreed. | |
| They strolled through Granville Island, where the vibrant Public Market enticed them with its array of local produce and artisanal goods. The Granville Island Toy Company reignited their inner child with whimsical displays. | |
| “This place is a treasure trove!” Jack remarked. | |
| They dined at a restaurant near False Creek, their laughter mingling with the sounds of the people walking and cycling along the Seawall. | |
| As the day drew to a close, they watched the sun set at English Bay. | |
| “Look at those colors,” Ava whispered in awe. | |
| Day 2: Mountains and Sea | |
| The next day was an ode to Vancouver’s majestic landscape. They took a short ferry to North Vancouver and then a bus ride to the base of Grouse Mountain. | |
| “Ready for some winter fun?” Jack asked, his excitement palpable. | |
| Wrapped in layers, they eagerly hopped on the Skyride, the city shrinking below them as the snow-covered peaks came into view. On the slopes, they found a variety of winter activities to choose from. | |
| “I’m hitting the ice rink!” Ella declared. | |
| “Great, I’ll join you,” Ava said. | |
| After lunch, they rented equipment for skiing and headed for the chairlift. | |
| Jack, an experienced skier, gave them tips as the chairlift brought them to the top of the mountain. | |
| They spent the rest of the day skiing, and as the sun set, they stared in amazement as the sky darkend and the city far below lit up. | |
| Afterwards, they went into the restaurant and shared their experiences over hot cocoa. | |
| “I think I finally got the hang of it!” Ella said, beaming. | |
| “You did great,” Jack reassured her. | |
| Day 3: Coastal Serenity | |
| Their final day promised tranquility. They explored the lush greenery of Stanley Park, taking a leisurely bike ride around the Seawall. | |
| “I can’t believe this park is right in the city,” Ava said, marveling at the surroundings. | |
| Jack, an avid photographer, captured every breathtaking view—from the tranquil waters of Lost Lagoon to the haunting beauty of Siwash Rock. | |
| “Hold still, this shot’s going to be amazing,” Jack directed. | |
| The day was capped with a visit to the Vancouver Aquarium, where they were mesmerized by the vibrant marine life. | |
| “That sea otter is the cutest thing I’ve ever seen,” Ella gushed. | |
| In the evening, they returned to their cozy abode, exhausted but fulfilled. They reflected on the memories they had created, each friend leaving with a sense of wonder and gratitude for their time spent together. | |
| “Best vacation ever!” Jack said as they settled in for the night. | |
| “And to think, we have so many more adventures ahead of us,” Ava added with a smile. | |
| And so, with hearts full and spirits lifted, Ella, Ava, and Jack said goodbye to Vancouver, promising to return one day. |
Flashcards
Here are some flashcards to help you learn the abstract nouns included in this lesson.
Quiz
For each question, combine the word and the suffix in parentheses to create an adjective
Progress