Lesson 22. Suffixes for Creating Adjectives
Overview
In this lesson you'll learn how to make adjectives from nouns and verbs using suffixes.
The lesson ends with a short story about three friends who visit Vancouver for three days in the winter.
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Grammar Focus - Create Adjectives from Nouns and Verbs
Creating Adjectives from Verbs
In English the past participle of many verbs can be used as an adjective.
Examples
| Verb | Adjective |
|---|---|
| bore | bored |
| crowd | crowded |
| worry | worried |
Creating Adjectives with Suffixes
A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word to create a new one. Many English adjectives are formed by adding a suffix to a noun or verb. Each suffix alters the meaning of the word.
There are several suffixes that can be added to nouns and verbs to convert them to adjectives. Note that these suffixes can only be used with some nouns and verbs.
| Suffix | Meaning |
|---|---|
| ing | describes the effect of the verb |
| ive | describes the effect of the verb. On rare occasions, this suffix is also used with nouns. |
| ant | means to have the characteristic of the verb |
| ent | means someone who performs or causes the action of the verb |
| able ible |
means capable of being |
| y | means characterized by, has that quality, or inclined to |
| ish | means belonging to or having the characteristic of |
| ful | means "full of" or "having a lot" a given quality |
| less | means without or lacking. It is the opposite idea of -ful. |
| ous | means full of a given quality. It has a similar meaning to the suffix -ful. |
Examples
| Noun/Verb | Adjective | Español |
|---|---|---|
| confuse | confusing | confuso |
| interest | interesting | interesante |
| create | creative | creativo |
| express | expressive | expresivo |
| expense | expensive | caro |
| please | pleasant | agradable |
| differ | different | diferente |
| comfort | comfortable | cómodo |
| anger | angry | enojado |
| sleep | sleepy | soñoliento |
| storm | stormy | tormentoso |
| fool | foolish | tonto |
| beauty | beautiful | hermoso |
| thought | thoughtful | pensativo, considerado |
| help | helpless | indefenso, desamparado |
| motion | motionless | inmóvil |
| danger | dangerous | peligroso |
| mystery | mysterious | misterioso |
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Short Story
Vancouver Winter Vacation
Escucha la historia.
| Vancouver Winter Vacation | Vacaciones de invierno en Vancouver |
|---|---|
| Three friends—Ella, Ava, and Jack—arrived in Vancouver on a brisk winter’s morning for a three day vacation. | Tres amigas -Ella, Ava y Jack- llegan a Vancouver una fresca mañana de invierno para pasar tres días de vacaciones. |
| Day 1: The City Awaits | Día 1: La ciudad espera |
| Arriving early in the morning, the trio checked into a cozy Hotel in the heart of Downtown. | A primera hora de la mañana, el trío se alojó en un acogedor hotel en pleno centro de la ciudad. | “First things first—coffee!” Ella exclaimed as they dropped their bags off at the hotel. | "Lo primero es el café!" exclamó Ella mientras dejaban sus maletas en el hotel. |
| They found a cute café close to the hotel, where they had a quick breakfast and coffee, which fueled them for their day. | Encontraron una linda cafetería cerca del hotel, donde tomaron un desayuno rápido y café, lo que les dio combustible para el día. |
| “I heard Granville Island is a must-visit. What do you think?” Jack suggested. | "He oído que Granville Island es una visita obligada. ¿Qué te parece?" Jack sugirió. |
| “Absolutely, let’s go!” Ava agreed. | "Por supuesto, ¡vamos!" Ava estuvo de acuerdo. |
| They strolled through Granville Island, where the vibrant Public Market enticed them with its array of local produce and artisanal goods. The Granville Island Toy Company reignited their inner child with whimsical displays. | Pasearon por Granville Island, donde el animado mercado público les sedujo con su variedad de productos locales y artesanales. La Granville Island Toy Company despertó su niño interior con sus caprichosas exposiciones. |
| “This place is a treasure trove!” Jack remarked. | "¡Este lugar es un tesoro escondido!" comentó Jack. |
| They dined at a restaurant near False Creek, their laughter mingling with the sounds of the people walking and cycling along the Seawall. | Cenaron en un restaurante cerca de False Creek, con sus risas mezcladas con los sonidos de la gente caminando y en bicicleta a lo largo del Seawall. |
| As the day drew to a close, they watched the sun set at English Bay. | Cuando el día tocaba a su fin, contemplaron la puesta de sol en English Bay. |
| “Look at those colors,” Ava whispered in awe. | "Mira esos colores", susurró Ava con asombro. |
| Day 2: Mountains and Sea | Día 2: Montañas y mar |
| The next day was an ode to Vancouver’s majestic landscape. They took a short ferry to North Vancouver and then a bus ride to the base of Grouse Mountain. | El día siguiente fue una oda al majestuoso paisaje de Vancouver. Tomaron un breve ferry hasta North Vancouver y luego un viaje en autobús a la base de Grouse Mountain. |
| “Ready for some winter fun?” Jack asked, his excitement palpable. | "¿Listo para un poco de diversión invernal?" preguntó Jack, su emoción palpable. |
| Wrapped in layers, they eagerly hopped on the Skyride, the city shrinking below them as the snow-covered peaks came into view. On the slopes, they found a variety of winter activities to choose from. | Envueltos en capas de ropa, subieron al Skyride con impaciencia, mientras la ciudad se encogía a sus pies a medida que se divisaban los picos nevados. En las pistas, encontraron una gran variedad de actividades invernales entre las que elegir. |
| “I’m hitting the ice rink!” Ella declared. | "Voy a la pista de hielo!" declaró Ella. |
| “Great, I’ll join you,” Ava said. | "Genial, me uniré a vosotros", dijo Ava. |
| After lunch, they rented equipment for skiing and headed for the chairlift. | Después de comer, alquilaron equipo para esquiar y se dirigieron al telesilla. |
| Jack, an experienced skier, gave them tips as the chairlift brought them to the top of the mountain. | Jack, un esquiador experimentado, les dio consejos cuando el telesilla los llevó a la cima de la montaña. |
| They spent the rest of the day skiing, and as the sun set, they stared in amazement as the sky darkend and the city far below lit up. | Pasaron el resto del día esquiando y, al ponerse el sol, contemplaron asombrados cómo se oscurecía el cielo y se iluminaba la ciudad. |
| Afterwards, they went into the restaurant and shared their experiences over hot cocoa. | Después, fueron al restaurante y compartieron sus experiencias con un chocolate caliente. |
| “I think I finally got the hang of it!” Ella said, beaming. | "Creo que finalmente lo he pillado!" dijo Ella, radiante. |
| “You did great,” Jack reassured her. | "Lo hiciste genial", la tranquilizó Jack. |
| Day 3: Coastal Serenity | Día 3: Serenidad costera |
| Their final day promised tranquility. They explored the lush greenery of Stanley Park, taking a leisurely bike ride around the Seawall. | Su último día prometía tranquilidad. Exploraron la exuberante vegetación de Stanley Park y dieron un tranquilo paseo en bicicleta por el paseo marítimo. |
| “I can’t believe this park is right in the city,” Ava said, marveling at the surroundings. | "No puedo creer que este parque esté justo en la ciudad," dijo Ava, maravillándose de los alrededores. |
| Jack, an avid photographer, captured every breathtaking view—from the tranquil waters of Lost Lagoon to the haunting beauty of Siwash Rock. | Jack, un ávido fotógrafo, capturó cada una de las impresionantes vistas, desde las tranquilas aguas de Lost Lagoon hasta la inquietante belleza de Siwash Rock. |
| “Hold still, this shot’s going to be amazing,” Jack directed. | "Quédate quieto, esta toma va a ser increíble," Jack dirigido. |
| The day was capped with a visit to the Vancouver Aquarium, where they were mesmerized by the vibrant marine life. | El día culminó con una visita al Acuario de Vancouver, donde quedaron fascinados por la vibrante vida marina. |
| “That sea otter is the cutest thing I’ve ever seen,” Ella gushed. | "Esa nutria es la cosa más linda que he visto," dijo Ella. |
| In the evening, they returned to their cozy abode, exhausted but fulfilled. They reflected on the memories they had created, each friend leaving with a sense of wonder and gratitude for their time spent together. | Al anochecer, regresaron a su acogedora morada, exhaustos pero satisfechos. Reflexionaron sobre los recuerdos que habían creado, y cada amigo se marchó con una sensación de asombro y gratitud por el tiempo que habían pasado juntos. |
| “Best vacation ever!” Jack said as they settled in for the night. | "¡Las mejores vacaciones de mi vida!" Jack dijo mientras se acomodaban para pasar la noche. |
| “And to think, we have so many more adventures ahead of us,” Ava added with a smile. | "Y pensar que tenemos muchas más aventuras por delante," agregó Ava con una sonrisa. |
| And so, with hearts full and spirits lifted, Ella, Ava, and Jack said goodbye to Vancouver, promising to return one day. | Y así, con el corazón lleno y el ánimo levantado, Ella, Ava y Jack se despidieron de Vancouver, prometiendo volver algún día. |
Flashcards
Here are some flashcards to help you learn the abstract nouns included in this lesson.
Quiz
For each question, combine the word and the suffix in parentheses to create an adjective
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