Lesson 18. This and That
In this lesson you'll learn how to use the demonstrative pronouns in English. These are words such as this and that. You'll also learn how to use infinitives and gerunds.
In the vocabulary section you'll learn some common English words for clothing items.
The lesson starts off with a short story about three friends who are on vacation in Melbourne, Australia.
Short Story
Vacation in Melbourne
| Vacation in Melbourne | Vacaciones en Melbourne |
|---|---|
| Chapter 1: Arrival in Melbourne | Capítulo 1: Llegada a Melbourne |
| After a year of planning and excitement, Julia, Mark, and Alyssa finally boarded their flight from London to Melbourne. As the plane touched down, the thrill of adventure surged through them. They collected their luggage and headed to their Airbnb in the vibrant neighborhood of Fitzroy. | Después de un año de planificación y emoción, Julia, Mark y Alyssa finalmente abordaron su vuelo desde London a Melbourne. Cuando el avión aterrizó, la emoción de la aventura los invadió. Recogieron su equipaje y se dirigieron a su Airbnb en el vibrante vecindario de Fitzroy. |
| Julia: "I can't believe we're finally here! Melbourne looks even more amazing than the pictures." | Julia: "¡No puedo creer que finalmente estemos aquí! Melbourne parece aún más increíble que en las fotos." |
| Mark: "Agreed. Let's get settled in and then grab a bite to eat. I'm starving after that long flight." | Mark: "De acuerdo. Vamos a instalarnos y luego a buscar algo de comer. Estoy hambriento después de ese largo vuelo." |
| Chapter 2: Exploring the City | Capítulo 2: Explorando la Ciudad |
| The friends spent their first week exploring the heart of Melbourne. They wandered through the bustling streets, marveled at the street art, and indulged in the city's renowned coffee culture. | Los amigos pasaron su primera semana explorando el corazón de Melbourne. Pasearon por las calles bulliciosas, se maravillaron con el arte callejero y se deleitaron con la famosa cultura del café de la ciudad. |
| Alyssa: "This flat white is to die for. I could get used to this!" | Alyssa: "Este 'flat white' (un tipo de espresso) es delicioso. Podría acostumbrarme a esto." |
| Julia: "I know, right? And the laneways are incredible. Every corner has something new to discover." | Julia: "¡Lo sé, verdad! Y los callejones son increíbles. Cada esquina tiene algo nuevo para descubrir." |
| One afternoon, they took a stroll along the Yarra River, enjoying the picturesque views and lively atmosphere. | Una tarde, caminaron a lo largo del río Yarra, disfrutando de las vistas pintorescas y el ambiente animado. |
| Mark: "I read about this river cruise that takes you past some of the city's landmarks. Should we check it out?" | Mark: "Leí sobre un crucero por el río que te lleva a algunos de los puntos de referencia de la ciudad. ¿Deberíamos echarle un vistazo?" |
| Julia: "Absolutely! It's the perfect way to see more of Melbourne." | Julia: "¡Absolutamente! Es la manera perfecta de ver más de Melbourne." |
| Chapter 3: Day Trips and Adventures | Capítulo 3: Excursiones y Aventuras |
| In their second week, the trio decided to venture beyond the city. They rented a car and embarked on a road trip along the Great Ocean Road. The scenic drive left them in awe, with stunning coastal vistas and the iconic Twelve Apostles. | En su segunda semana, el trío decidió aventurarse más allá de la ciudad. Alquilaron un coche y se embarcaron en un viaje por la Gran Ruta Oceánica. El viaje escénico los dejó asombrados, con vistas costeras impresionantes y los icónicos Doce Apóstoles. |
| Alyssa: "I can't believe how beautiful this place is. It's like something out of a postcard." | Alyssa: "No puedo creer lo hermoso que es este lugar. Es como algo sacado de una postal." |
| Mark: "I'm glad we decided to do this. It's a once-in-a-lifetime experience." | Mark: "Me alegro de que hayamos decidido hacer esto. Es una experiencia única en la vida." |
| They also visited the Yarra Valley, where they toured vineyards and enjoyed wine tastings. | También visitaron el Valle de Yarra, donde recorrieron viñedos y disfrutaron de catas de vino. |
| Julia: "These wines are amazing. I feel so sophisticated right now." | Julia: "Estos vinos son increíbles. Me siento tan sofisticada ahora." |
| Alyssa: "Cheers to us and this incredible trip!" | Alyssa: "¡Salud por nosotros y este increíble viaje!" |
| Chapter 4: Immersing in Local Culture | Capítulo 4: Sumergiéndose en la Cultura Local |
| In their third week, the friends delved into Melbourne's rich cultural scene. They visited the National Gallery of Victoria, attended a performance at the Melbourne Theatre Company, and explored the vibrant Queen Victoria Market. | En su tercera semana, los amigos se sumergieron en la rica escena cultural de Melbourne. Visitaron la Galería Nacional de Victoria, asistieron a una función en la Compañía de Teatro de Melbourne y exploraron el vibrante Mercado Queen Victoria. |
| Mark: "The art here is phenomenal. I could spend hours just wandering through these galleries." | Mark: "El arte aquí es fenomenal. Podría pasar horas simplemente recorriendo estas galerías." |
| Julia: "And the theatre was fantastic. We should definitely catch another show before we leave." | Julia: "Y el teatro fue fantástico. Definitivamente deberíamos ver otro espectáculo antes de irnos." |
| One evening, they dined at a renowned local restaurant, savoring the diverse flavors of Melbourne's culinary scene. | Una noche, cenaron en un renombrado restaurante local, saboreando los diversos sabores de la escena culinaria de Melbourne. |
| Alyssa: "This food is incredible. Melbourne really knows how to do cuisine." | Alyssa: "¡Salud por nosotros y este increíble viaje!" |
| Chapter 5: Wrapping Up the Adventure | Capítulo 5: Concluyendo la Aventura |
| As their month in Melbourne drew to a close, the friends reflected on their unforgettable journey. They spent their final days revisiting their favorite spots and discovering new ones. | A medida que su mes en Melbourne llegaba a su fin, los amigos reflexionaron sobre su inolvidable viaje. Pasaron sus últimos días revisitando sus lugares favoritos y descubriendo nuevos. |
| Julia: "I can't believe it's almost time to go home. This trip has been everything I hoped for and more." | Julia: "No puedo creer que sea casi hora de irnos a casa. Este viaje ha sido todo lo que esperaba y más." |
| Mark: "Same here. We've made so many amazing memories." | Mark: "Igual aquí. Hemos creado tantos recuerdos increíbles." |
| Alyssa: "We'll have to come back someday. There's still so much to see and do." | Alyssa: "Tendremos que volver algún día. Todavía hay mucho que ver y hacer." |
| With heavy hearts but full of gratitude, the trio bid farewell to Melbourne, already dreaming of their next adventure. | Con corazones pesados pero llenos de gratitud, el trío se despidió de Melbourne, ya soñando con su próxima aventura. |
| And thus, they embarked on their journey back to London, carrying with them stories and memories that would last a lifetime. | Y así, se embarcaron en su viaje de regreso a London, llevando consigo historias y recuerdos que durarían toda la vida. |
Vocabulario inglés
Clothes
Anuncio
Gramática
Demonstrative Adjectives and Pronouns
Demonstrative Adjectives are used to talk about specific things and people. There are two demonstrative adjectives in English, this and that. When comparing objects, this is used to describe the object or event nearer in distance or time, and that is used for the object or event further away in distance or time. A demonstrative pronoun comes before the noun it describes.
Demonstrative pronouns are the same as the demonstrative adjectives, except they take the place of a noun in a sentence.
The following table shows the demonstrative adjectives and pronouns.
| Singular | Plural | |
|---|---|---|
| near | this | these |
| far | that | those |
Examples
| That idea is great! | Demonstrative adjective |
| That is a great idea! | Demonstrative pronoun |
| This book is better than that book. | Demonstrative adjectives |
| This is better than that. | Demonstrative pronouns |
| Those apples taste good. | demonstrative adjective |
| These apples are better than those. | Demonstrative adjective and demonstrative pronoun |
Infinitives
An infinitive is a form of a verb used in several situations in English.
- as a complement of another verb. Examples: I want to hear. I can go.
- as a noun phrase that expresses an action in an abstract way. Example: To err is human.
- as a modifier of a noun or adjective. Examples: I don't know what to do. This is the way to do it.
The word to often comes before the verb in the infinitive form. When an infinitve follows certain verbs, such as can, will, shall, may, and do, the infinitive only consists of the base of the verb.
Examples
| I want to go. | Quiero ir. |
| I will go. | Iré. |
| I need to find my jacket. | Necesito encontrar mi chaqueta |
| Don't tell me what to think. | No me digas qué pensar. |
| They should do it. | Deberían hacerlo. |
| Can you speak English? | ¿Puedes hablar ingles? |
Gerunds
A gerund is a noun that is made from a verb by adding ing to the end of the infinitive form of the verb. If the infinitive of the verb ends in a single e, the e is usually dropped.
| Verb | Noun |
|---|---|
| read | reading |
| talk | talking |
| go | going |
| race | racing |
| be | being |
| see | seeing |
| take | taking |
Examples
| Reading is one way to become smarter. | La lectura es una manera de ser más inteligente. |
| Talking about it will help. | Hablar de ello ayudará. |
| I think swimming is great exercise. | Creo que nadar es un gran ejercicio. |
| She says giving is better than receiving. | Ella dice que dar es mejor que recibir. |
| They helped by bringing drinks for everyone. | Ellos ayudaron al traer bebidas para todos. |
| Speaking another language is very rewarding. | Hablar otro idioma es muy gratificante. |
Flashcards
Aquí hay algunas tarjetas para ayudarte a aprender las palabras en inglés para artículos de ropa.
Lesson Quiz
Part 1 - Vocabulary
Escribir la palabra correcta Inglés para cada prenda de ropa.
Ejemplo:
Part 2 - This and That
Use la forma correcta del adjetivo demostrativo entre paréntesis.
Ejemplo
Pregunta: _____ shoes are very muddy. (that)
Respuesta: Those shoes are very muddy.
Part 3 - Infinitive
Usa la forma correcta del infinitivo.
Ejemplo
Pregunta: I need _____ to the store. (go)
Respuesta: I need to go to the store.
Part 4 - Gerund
Llena el espacio con el gerundio del verbo entre paréntesis.
Ejemplo
Pregunta: Only by _____ will you get good results. (try)
Respuesta: Only by trying will you get good results.
