Lesson 22. Suffixes for Creating Adjectives
Welcome to the final lesson of Learn English 2. In this lesson you'll learn how to make adjectives from nouns and verbs using suffixes.
You'll also learn some common English words for items in the kitchen.
The lesson ends with a short story about three friends who visit Vancouver for three days in the winter.
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Vocabulário - Kitchen Items
This section contains some English words for kitchen items.
glass
cup
bowl
plate
knife
spoon
fork
ladle
pot
frying pan
blender
scissors
toaster
kettle
cupboards
kitchen sink
chair
table
fridge
dishwasher
stove
oven
microwave oven
garbage can
Gramática - Create Adjectives with Suffixes
Suffixes
A suffix is a letter or group of letters added to the end of a word.
Creating adjectives from verbs
In English the past participle of many verbs can be used as an adjective.
Exemplos
| Verb | Adjective |
|---|---|
| bore | bored |
| crowd | crowded |
| worry | worried |
There are several suffixes that can be added to verbs to convert them to adjectives.
| Suffix | Meaning |
|---|---|
| ing | describes the effect of the verb |
| less | means without the action of the verb. |
| ive | describes the effect of the verb |
| ant | means to have the characteristic of the verb |
| ent | means someone who performs or causes the action of the verb |
| able ible |
means capable of being |
Exemplos
| verb | adjective | |
|---|---|---|
| confuse | confusing | confuso |
| interest | interesting | interessante |
| expense | expensive | caro |
| please | pleasant | agradável |
| differ | different | diferente |
| comfort | comfortable | confortável |
Creating adjectives from nouns
In English there are several suffixes that can be added to nouns to convert them to adjectives. The most common of these suffixes are:
| Suffix | Meaning |
|---|---|
| y | means characterized by or inclined to |
| ish | means belonging to or having the characteristic of |
| ful | means full of a given quality |
| less | means without |
| ous | means full of a given quality |
Exemplos
| noun | adjective | |
|---|---|---|
| anger | angry | irritado, zangado |
| sleep | sleepy | sonolento |
| storm | stormy | tormentoso |
| fool | foolish | Insensato, tolo |
| beauty | beautiful | bonita |
| thought | thoughtful | pensativo |
| help | helpless | desamparado |
| motion | motionless | imóvel |
| danger | dangerous | perigoso |
| mystery | mysterious | misterioso |
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Flashcards
Here are some flashcards to help you learn the English words for kitchen items.
Short Story
Vancouver Winter Vacation
Ouça a história.
| Vancouver Winter Vacation | Férias de inverno em Vancouver |
|---|---|
| Three friends—Ella, Ava, and Jack—arrived in Vancouver on a brisk winter’s morning for a three day vacation. | Três amigas - Ella, Ava e Jack - chegaram a Vancouver numa manhã fresca de inverno para umas férias de três dias. |
| Day 1: The City Awaits | Dia 1: A cidade espera-o |
| Arriving early in the morning, the trio checked into a cozy Hotel in the heart of Downtown. | Chegando cedo pela manhã, o trio fez check-in em um hotel aconchegante no coração do centro da cidade. | “First things first—coffee!” Ella exclaimed as they dropped their bags off at the hotel. | "Primeiro as coisas primeiro café!" Ella exclamou enquanto eles deixaram suas malas no hotel. |
| They found a cute café close to the hotel, where they had a quick breakfast and coffee, which fueled them for their day. | Encontraram um café bonito perto do hotel, onde tomaram um pequeno-almoço rápido e café, que os abasteceu para o seu dia. |
| “I heard Granville Island is a must-visit. What do you think?” Jack suggested. | "Ouvi dizer que a Ilha de Granville é uma visita obrigatória. O que você acha?" sugeriu Jack. |
| “Absolutely, let’s go!” Ava agreed. | "Absolutamente, vamos!" Ava concordou. |
| They strolled through Granville Island, where the vibrant Public Market enticed them with its array of local produce and artisanal goods. The Granville Island Toy Company reignited their inner child with whimsical displays. | Passearam por Granville Island, onde o vibrante Mercado Público os seduziu com a sua variedade de produtos locais e artesanais. A Granville Island Toy Company reacendeu a sua criança interior com exposições extravagantes. |
| “This place is a treasure trove!” Jack remarked. | "Este lugar é um tesouro!" Jack comentou. |
| They dined at a restaurant near False Creek, their laughter mingling with the sounds of the people walking and cycling along the Seawall. | Jantaram num restaurante perto de False Creek, com os seus risos a misturarem-se com os sons das pessoas a caminhar e a andar de bicicleta ao longo do Seawall. |
| As the day drew to a close, they watched the sun set at English Bay. | Quando o dia estava a chegar ao fim, viram o pôr do sol na English Bay. |
| “Look at those colors,” Ava whispered in awe. | "Olhe para essas cores," Ava sussurrou em admiração. |
| Day 2: Mountains and Sea | Dia 2: Montanhas e mar |
| The next day was an ode to Vancouver’s majestic landscape. They took a short ferry to North Vancouver and then a bus ride to the base of Grouse Mountain. | O dia seguinte foi uma ode à paisagem majestosa de Vancouver. Apanharam um pequeno ferry para North Vancouver e depois uma viagem de autocarro para a base da Grouse Mountain. |
| “Ready for some winter fun?” Jack asked, his excitement palpable. | "Pronto para alguma diversão de inverno?" perguntou Jack, sua excitação palpável. |
| Wrapped in layers, they eagerly hopped on the Skyride, the city shrinking below them as the snow-covered peaks came into view. On the slopes, they found a variety of winter activities to choose from. | Embrulhados em camadas, subiram ansiosamente para o Skyride, a cidade a encolher-se por baixo deles à medida que os picos cobertos de neve se tornavam visíveis. Nas encostas, encontraram uma variedade de actividades de inverno por onde escolher. |
| “I’m hitting the ice rink!” Ella declared. | "Eu vou para a pista de gelo!" Ella declarou. |
| “Great, I’ll join you,” Ava said. | "Ótimo, eu vou com você," disse Ava. |
| After lunch, they rented equipment for skiing and headed for the chairlift. | Depois do almoço, alugaram equipamento para esquiar e dirigiram-se para o teleférico. |
| Jack, an experienced skier, gave them tips as the chairlift brought them to the top of the mountain. | Jack, um esquiador experiente, deu dicas enquanto o teleférico os levava ao topo da montanha. |
| They spent the rest of the day skiing, and as the sun set, they stared in amazement as the sky darkend and the city far below lit up. | Passaram o resto do dia a esquiar e, quando o sol se pôs, ficaram a olhar com espanto para o céu que escurecia e para a cidade que se iluminava lá em baixo. |
| Afterwards, they went into the restaurant and shared their experiences over hot cocoa. | Depois, eles foram ao restaurante e compartilharam suas experiências com cacau quente. |
| “I think I finally got the hang of it!” Ella said, beaming. | "Acho que finalmente consegui o jeito!" disse Ella, radiante. |
| “You did great,” Jack reassured her. | "Você fez muito bem," Jack a tranquilizou. |
| Day 3: Coastal Serenity | Dia 3: Serenidade Costeira |
| Their final day promised tranquility. They explored the lush greenery of Stanley Park, taking a leisurely bike ride around the Seawall. | Seu último dia foi tranquilo. Eles exploraram a vegetação exuberante do Stanley Park, fazendo um passeio de bicicleta pela Seawall. |
| “I can’t believe this park is right in the city,” Ava said, marveling at the surroundings. | "Eu não posso acreditar que este parque é bem na cidade," Ava disse, maravilhando-se com os arredores. |
| Jack, an avid photographer, captured every breathtaking view—from the tranquil waters of Lost Lagoon to the haunting beauty of Siwash Rock. | Jack, um fotógrafo ávido, captou todas as vistas de cortar a respiração - desde as águas tranquilas de Lost Lagoon até à beleza assombrosa de Siwash Rock. |
| “Hold still, this shot’s going to be amazing,” Jack directed. | "Fique quieto, essa foto será incrível," Jack dirigiu. |
| The day was capped with a visit to the Vancouver Aquarium, where they were mesmerized by the vibrant marine life. | O dia terminou com uma visita ao Aquário de Vancouver, onde ficaram fascinados com a vibrante vida marinha. |
| “That sea otter is the cutest thing I’ve ever seen,” Ella gushed. | "Aquela lontra-mar é a coisa mais fofa que já vi," exclamou Ella. |
| In the evening, they returned to their cozy abode, exhausted but fulfilled. They reflected on the memories they had created, each friend leaving with a sense of wonder and gratitude for their time spent together. | Ao fim da tarde, regressaram à sua casa acolhedora, exaustos mas realizados. Reflectiram sobre as memórias que tinham criado e cada amigo saiu com um sentimento de admiração e gratidão pelo tempo que passaram juntos. |
| “Best vacation ever!” Jack said as they settled in for the night. | "Melhores férias de sempre!" disse Jack enquanto se acomodavam para a noite. |
| “And to think, we have so many more adventures ahead of us,” Ava added with a smile. | "E pensar que temos tantas aventuras pela frente," Ava acrescentou com um sorriso. |
| And so, with hearts full and spirits lifted, Ella, Ava, and Jack said goodbye to Vancouver, promising to return one day. | E assim, com os corações cheios e os espíritos animados, Ella, Ava e Jack despediram-se de Vancouver, prometendo regressar um dia. |
Quiz
1) Para cada foto, escreva a palavra em inglês para o item mostrado.
2) Para cada adjetivo, escreva a tradução em inglês.
Progress
Congratulations
Congratulations! If you've completed all of the quizzes, you've now finished the course. The next step is to go back through the lessons, focusing on any areas that are still giving you trouble. Reread the dialogs and stories, making sure you can easily understand them.
You should now have a good understanding of basic English. The next step is to increase your vocabulary. The English Vocabulary 1 and English Vocabulary 2 courses will help you learn more English words and phrases.
The following English short stories will also give you more practice with the English language and help improve your English vocabulary.
Thanks for taking this course and good luck with the rest of your learning English journey!